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本帖最后由 espcsg 于 2011-2-11 01:16 编辑
Basically all type of skiing that use a free-heel binding can be considered as nordic skiing, as opposed to alpine skiing which use a fixed-heel binding. X-country, telemarking are both considered nordic. Ski touring can be fall in between both categories. The 'free-heel' origin of nordic skiing comes from Scandinavia - A region in northern europe, also known as the nordic countries in which some historian believe is where skiing were invented - Scadinaivan were believed to be the first who travelled in snow countries on long wood planks, with their heels unattached for maximium mobility. However, recent studies has also hint that this method of travelling may have actually been originated in north west china.
(Freestyle-Mogul,Aerials VS NewSchool-Parking skiing or freeskiing in general) Freestyle skiing has a rather interesting history. The history of freestyle can be traced back to the 30's. But modern freestyle skiing as we know roots in the 60's. Where some professional or accomplished skier try to break out from it's highly disciplined counter part - apline. Early form of freestyle competition would always included a 'free' run which competitors are free to throw whatever tricks they want, launching big air on choppy cut up snow - gnarly natural moguls. Judges usually would award the most outrages and crazy stunt. The nature of early freestyle competition is more close to today's X-games, where athelics are free to do whatever tricks they want and to freely express themselves. One of the pionners was a chinese canadian name Wayne Wong, a living legend who was the first chinese to achieve a lvl 4 CSIA status. However, the spirit of free style skiing started to fade when FIS took over and became the governing body of freestyle skiing in 1979. FIS had split this free form of skiing into 2 discipline - mogul, aerials. And set rules on it. Not until the last Olympic in vancouver, inverted aerials trick were not allowed in mogul competition. So basically in mogul race there are certain tricks that athletes are not allowed to do. Inverted aerials trick, obviously were left for aerial athletes only. And at one point free skiing were no longer free. By the mid 80's, the raise of snowboarding, with it's free and hip images had captured a whole new generation of young riders. Snowboarding at one point had almost pushed skiing to extinction. By the mid 90's, a group of young freestyle skier, inspired by the movement of snowboarding, had pioneer a new form of freestyle skiing. One of them is Mike Douglas, who help invented the first pair of twin tip ski, which the design was to a great extend inspired by snowboard. This remerge of this freestyle skiing movement was labeled as 'Newschool', as to distinguish itself to it's 'oldschool' counter part. And the rest are history. |
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